高考名词性从句连接词辨析与长难句分析
在高考英语中,名词性从句是一个重要的考点,它涉及主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句的连接词在引导从句时起着至关重要的作用,它们不仅连接了从句与主句,还决定了从句的语义和逻辑关系。掌握名词性从句连接词的辨析对于理解长难句至关重要。
一、名词性从句连接词辨析
1. that引导名词性从句(不作成分,无意义)
that引导名词性从句时,不作成分,无意义,仅起连接作用。例如:
That he can swim is not surprising. (主语从句)
We all know that he is a smart boy. (宾语从句)
The fact is that he has won the race. (表语从句)
2. whether/if引导名词性从句(作“是否”解,引导宾语从句)
whether/if在名词性从句中作“是否”解,引导宾语从句。例如:
I want to know if/whether he will come tomorrow. (宾语从句)
3. 连接代词/副词引导名词性从句(在从句中担任成分)
连接代词/副词在名词性从句中担任成分,具有实际意义。例如:
When we will start depends on the weather. (主语从句)
Do you know whose book is this? (宾语从句)
We will go where he goes. (表语从句)
二、长难句分析
长难句通常是由多个从句和短语构成,结构复杂,语义丰富。分析长难句时,首先要确定句子的主干结构,即主句,然后分析从句的类型和逻辑关系,最后理解各个短语和从句的语义。
例如:
It is not easy to define precisely what is meant by the term “modern art”, especially when there are so many different views and definitions.
这个长难句包含主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句。确定主句是“It is not easy to define precisely what is meant by the term ‘modern art’”。然后,分析从句,“especially when there are so many different views and definitions”是时间状语从句,修饰主句;“what is meant by the term ‘modern art’”是宾语从句,作为“define”的宾语。理解各个从句和短语的语义,得出整个句子的意思是:“尤其是有如此多不同的观点和定义时,要精确定义“现代艺术”这个词的含义并不容易。”
掌握名词性从句连接词的辨析对于理解长难句至关重要。通过理解连接词的作用和逻辑关系,我们可以更好地分析长难句的结构和语义,提高解题能力。